RMAN-06169: could not read file header | RMAN-06056: could not access datafile

I got ” RMAN-06169: could not read file header | RMAN-06056: could not access datafile ” error in Oracle database.

RMAN-06169: could not read file header | RMAN-06056: could not access datafile

Details of error are as follows.

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-06169: could not read file header for datafile 706 error reason 4
RMAN-06169: could not read file header for datafile 1 error reason 4

RMAN-03002: failure of backup command at 12/11/2020 11:20:26
RMAN-06056: could not access datafile 1

RMAN-06056: could not access datafile

The RMAN-06056, RMAN-06169  error is related with the due to corruption, A backup or copy backup could not proceed because the datafile header could not be read or the header was not valid.

The specified datafile could not be accessed. The reasons are as follows.

1. Datafile is offline
2. Datafile is not verified
3. Filename is missing in the controlfile
4. DBWR could not find the file
5. Unable to open file
6. I/O error during read
7. Datafile header is corrupt
8. Datafile is not a datafile
9. Datafile does not belong to this database
10. Datafile number is incorrect
11. Wrong file version
12. controlfile is not current

To solve this error, backup the related datafiles as follows.

backup datafile 91 format  '/export/backup/datafile1%d_%u_%s_%T.bkp';

Or backup database again as follows.

run{
ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH1 DEVICE TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH2 DEVICE TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH3 DEVICE TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH4 DEVICE TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH5 DEVICE TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH6 DEVICE TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH7 DEVICE TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH8 DEVICE TYPE DISK;
BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET DATABASE FORMAT '/export/backup/FULL_%d_%u_%s_%T.bkp';
BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET ARCHIVELOG ALL FORMAT '/export/backup/Archivelogs_%d_%u_%s_%T.bkp';
BACKUP CURRENT CONTROLFILE FORMAT '/export/backup/CONTROLFILE%d_%u_%s_%T.bkp';
RELEASE CHANNEL CH1;
RELEASE CHANNEL CH2;
RELEASE CHANNEL CH3;
RELEASE CHANNEL CH4;
RELEASE CHANNEL CH5;
RELEASE CHANNEL CH6;
RELEASE CHANNEL CH7;
RELEASE CHANNEL CH8;
}

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