GNU/Linux Bash Commands Tutorial for Beginners -6 Network Commands

Hi,

I will explain what are the Network Commands in GNU/Linux in this tutorial series.

 

 

Read previous articles of tutorial series before this.

GNU/Linux Bash Commands Tutorial for Beginners -5 Search and Find Files and Pattern Commands

 

Network Command

In Linux, there are various commands for transfering data & information from the Network or check computers on the network.

The most commonly used Network commands in Linux are as follows.

• ping
• traceroute
• ifconfig
• dig
• wget
• host
• nslookup

 

 

ping command

Ping command is used to check whether server,computer or machine on network is active or not.

This command sends ICCP (internet control message protocol) ECHO_REQUEST packet to the hosts on the network and it serves to provide returned packages to the user.

With ping, you can learn from packets whether or not the hosts in the network cluster are active or not. ping is a kind of command to alert hosts on a network. According to the parameters to be received from the host on the network cluster can learn a variety of information. Below is an example of applying this command from an ip address you know.

ping command is terminated with CTRL-C.

10 Packets transmitted. 10 of them are received successfully and 0 Packet is lost. This means http://ittutorial.org   is active

 

In the example below, if you want to send a certain number of packages, you should use it by using “-c” parameter.

For example, the output is as follows.

 

 

traceroute command

You can track and print the route that a packet takes to reach the host via this command. If you want to check the route and about all the hops that a packet takes, you can use traceroute command.

The traceroute command runs according to the ( TTL ) Time To Live time. When the Time To Live period is over, the data is returned if it does not reach the desired host.

The use of the traceroute command is as follows.

 

ifconfig command

This command is used to check and configure IP configurations in the Network. It is a command used to list and rearrange the existing Ethernet cards in the system. With this command, you can learn IP, IPv6 and MAC addresses. The command is simple to use.

 

 

You can down and up interfaces via ifconfig command like following.

 

 

 

dig command

This command is stand for domain information groper and flexible tool for interrogating DNS name servers.

 

wget command

With this command, you can download package,data and files, etc. from the internet. The wget command supports the most common protocols such as http, https, and ftp.

Use of this command is as follows.

 

host command

This command is usually used lookup DNS (Domain Name System) for the given domain. Below is the usage and output of the command.

 

 

 

nslookup command

Nslookup is a command to query Internet or domain name servers. Nslookup is running interactive and non-interactive modes. If you don’t use DNS Server, then you can not access any server or computer via its name. You can access them just only their IP adresses.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nslookup command get DNS Server adresses from /etc/resolv.conf file.

 

 

 

 

 

 

If there is no nameserver in the /etc/resolv.conf, then nslookup will get an error like following.

 

 

 

 

 

 

You can read following article to learn Package management bash command on GNU/Linux.

GNU/Linux Bash Command Lessons – 6 – Package Management

 

 

Do you want to learn Linux System Administration for Beginners, then read the following articles.

GNU/Linux Administration Tutorial For Beginners