Hi,
I will explain the installation of Oracle RAC ( Real Application Cluster ) on Unix ( IBM – AIX ) which is High availability solution of Oracle in this tutorial series.
If you don’t know what is the Oracle RAC and RAC Architecture, read following article to understand what is the Oracle RAC.
What is the Oracle RAC and Architecture of Real Application Cluster
If you have read above article, then we can start installation of Oracle RAC on IBM AIX.
The following scripts must be executed on IBM AIX before installation to create the priviliges, groups, and disks of the required Oracle User.
The following scripts are executed for the necessary settings of the Oracle user and /oracle ( Oracle Software ) directory.
oracledsk=`lspv | grep None | awk '{"bootinfo -s "$1 | getline size;if(size==102400) {print $1}}' | head -1`
/usr/sbin/mkvg -y'oraclevg' -s'256' '-f' $oracledsk
/usr/sbin/mklv -y'oraclelv' -t'jfs2' -a'c' -e'x' oraclevg 198
/usr/sbin/mklv -y'oraloglv' -t'jfs2log' -e'x' oraclevg 1
/usr/sbin/crfs -v jfs2 -d'oraclelv' -m'/oracle' -A''`locale yesstr | awk -F: '{print \$1}'`'' -p'rw' -a agblksize='4096' -a logname=
'oraloglv' -a isnapshot=''`locale nostr | awk -F: '{print \$1}'`''
mkgroup -'A' id='501' oinstall
mkgroup -'A' id='502' dba
mkgroup -'A' id='503' oper
mkuser id='1001' pgrp='oinstall' groups='oinstall,dba,oper' home='/home/users/oracle' shell='/usr/bin/bash' oracle
mount /oracle
If You will install Oracle RAC with Grid User and / grid directory, the following commands are executed for the user and necessary settings for the /grid directory.
/usr/sbin/mklv -y'gridlv' -t'jfs2' -a'c' -e'x' oraclevg 198
/usr/sbin/crfs -v jfs2 -d'gridlv' -m'/grid' -A''`locale yesstr | awk -F: '{print \$1}'`'' -p'rw' -a agblksize='4096' -a logname='ora
loglv' -a isnapshot=''`locale nostr | awk -F: '{print \$1}'`''
mkuser id='204' pgrp='oinstall' groups='oinstall,dba' home='/home/users/grid' shell='/usr/bin/bash' grid
mount /grid
Memory tarafındaki ilgili ayarlar için aşağıdaki script çalıştırılır.
memory=`lparstat | grep mem= | awk '{print $7}' | cut -d'=' -f2 | tr -d 'MB'`
ppSize=`lslv hd6 | grep "PP SIZE:" | awk '{print $6}'`
currentPageSize=`lsps -s | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}' | tr -d 'MB'`
multiplier=2
if [ $memory -le 2048 ]; then multiplier=3; fi
targetPageSize=$(( $memory * $multiplier / 2 ))
if [ $memory -gt 16384 ]; then targetPageSize=16384; fi
diffPageSize=$(( $targetPageSize - $currentPageSize ))
if [ $diffPageSize -gt 0 ]; then
if [ $diffPageSize -gt 4048 ]; then
swapdsk=`lspv | grep None | awk '{"bootinfo -s "$1 | getline size;if(size==20480) {print $1}}'`
/usr/sbin/mkvg -y'swapvg' -s'32' '-f' $swapdsk
/usr/sbin/mklv -y'swaplv' -x'2048' -t'paging' swapvg 512
swapon /dev/'swaplv'
chps -a'y' swaplv
swapoff /dev/'hd6'
rmps 'hd6'; else
chps -s $(( $targetPageSize / $ppSize )) hd6;
fi
fi
lspv | grep None | awk '{system("chmod 660 \/dev\/r"$1)}'
lspv | grep None | awk '{system("chown grid:oinstall \/dev\/r"$1)}'
Required groups and priviliges for Oracle and Grid users are provided with the following scripts.
echo "oracle:oracle" | chpasswd echo "grid:grid" | chpasswd echo "oracle ALL=NOPASSWD:/oracle/product/agent11g/root.sh, /usr/bin/sh, /usr/bin/ksh" >> /etc/sudoers echo "oracle ALL=NOPASSWD:/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh" >> /etc/sudoers chmod -R 750 /oracle chmod -R 750 /grid chown -R grid:oinstall /grid chown -R grid:oinstall /home/users/grid chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/users/oracle chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle
Some of scripts required for RAC installation on IBM-AIX servers are as follows.
Following scripts change vmo parameters and security limits on IBM AIX
sed "/domain/d" /etc/resolv.conf > temp.resolv mv temp.resolv /etc/resolv.conf sed "/LoginGraceTime/d" /etc/ssh/sshd_config > temp.sshd echo "LoginGraceTime 0" >> temp.sshd mv temp.sshd /etc/ssh/sshd_config chmod 755 /etc/resolv.conf chmod 644 /etc/ssh/sshd_config #sendmail - XXXXX olan yere mail server adresi yazýlacak perl -pi -e 's/\bDS\b/DSexchange.deveci.local/g' /etc/mail/sendmail.cf # vmo parameters /usr/sbin/chdev -l sys0 -a maxuproc=16384 /usr/sbin/chdev -l sys0 -a ncargs=128 /usr/sbin/no -p -o tcp_ephemeral_low=9000 -o tcp_ephemeral_high=65500 /usr/sbin/no -p -o udp_ephemeral_low=9000 -o udp_ephemeral_high=65500 yes | vmo -p -o maxperm%=90 -o maxclient%=90 -o minperm%=3 yes | vmo -r -o page_steal_method=1 #security limits echo "oracle:" >> /etc/security/limits echo " fsize = -1" >> /etc/security/limits echo " cpu = -1" >> /etc/security/limits echo " data = -1" >> /etc/security/limits echo " stack = -1" >> /etc/security/limits echo " rss = -1" >> /etc/security/limits echo "grid:" >> /etc/security/limits echo " fsize = -1" >> /etc/security/limits echo " cpu = -1" >> /etc/security/limits echo " data = -1" >> /etc/security/limits echo " stack = -1" >> /etc/security/limits echo " rss = -1" >> /etc/security/limit
The following scripts must be run also on IBM AIX before installation.
the values of the following parameters ( TCP, UDP etc ) must be checked.
/usr/sbin/no -a | grep ipqmaxlen /usr/sbin/no -a | grep rfc1323 /usr/sbin/no -a | grep sb_max /usr/sbin/no -a | grep tcp_recvspace /usr/sbin/no -a | grep tcp_sendspace /usr/sbin/no -a | grep udp_sendspace /usr/sbin/no -a | grep udp_recvspace
The values of the above parameters must be changed with the following script.
/usr/sbin/no -r -o ipqmaxlen=512 /usr/sbin/no -r -o sb_max=10526720 /usr/sbin/no -r -o udp_sendspace=1052672 /usr/sbin/no -r -o udp_recvspace=10526720 /usr/sbin/no -r -o tcp_sendspace=65536 /usr/sbin/no -r -o tcp_recvspace=65536 /usr/sbin/no -r -o rfc1323=1
Virtual memory parameters are checked by the following script.
vmo -a | grep minperm vmo -a | grep maxperm vmo -a | grep maxclient vmo -a | grep lru_file_repage vmo -a | grep strict_maxclient vmo -a | grep strict_maxperm vmo -a | grep page_steal_method
The value of the above parameters is changed with the root user on both servers as follows
vmo -p -o minperm%=3 vmo -p -o maxperm%=90 vmo -p -o maxclient%=90 vmo -p -o lru_file_repage=0 vmo -p -o strict_maxclient=1 vmo -p -o strict_maxperm=0 vmo -r -o page_steal_method=1
To increase Shell Limits, the default value of the /etc/security/limits file must be as follows. For this, the contents of the limits file must be opened with the root user and the parameters changed as follows.
Shell Limitlerini artırmak için /etc/security/limits dosyasının default kısmındaki parametrelerin değeri aşağıdaki gibi olmalıdr. Bunun için root kullanıcısıyla limits dosyasının içeriği açılıp parametreler aşağıdaki gibi olacak şekilde değiştirilmelidir.
root:rac01:/root:>vi /etc/security/limits "/etc/security/limits" 116 lines, 1954 characters default: rss = -1 stack = -1 nofiles = -1
The following parameter must be added to the /etc/environment file with the Root user.
AIXTHREAD_SCOPE=S
After the above parameters are executed on the server side, servers needs to be Reboot.
For running NTP properly (Network Time Protocol) between the two nodes, the NTP must be stopped and started with the following script with the root user.
NTP service is stopped with the following script.
root:rac01:/tmp/OraInstall2014-05-13_06-43-34PM:>/usr/bin/stopsrc -s xntpd 0513-044 The /usr/sbin/xntpd Subsystem was requested to stop.
NTP service is started again with the following script.
root:rac01:/tmp/OraInstall2014-05-13_06-43-34PM:>/usr/bin/startsrc -s xntpd -a "-x" 0513-059 The xntpd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 2949160.
I will continue to explain Oracle RAC Installation in the next article.
Do you want to learn Oracle Database for Beginners, then read the following articles.
https://ittutorial.org/oracle-database-19c-tutorials-for-beginners/