Hi,
I will explain the installation of Oracle RAC ( Real Application Cluster ) on Linux which is High availability solution of Oracle in this tutorial series.
If you don’t know what is the Oracle RAC and RAC Architecture, read following article to understand what is the Oracle RAC.
What is the Oracle RAC and Architecture of Real Application Cluster
If you have read above article, then we can start installation of Oracle RAC.
To install 2 node RAC Database on linux Servers informations are like following.
192.168.63.10 rac01 192.168.63.11 rac02
The list of VIP, Interconnect IP and SCAN IPs for RAC Installation are as follows.
| 8.3.1.11 | rac01-piv | Private IP ( Interconnect ) |
| 8.3.1.12 | rac02-piv | Private IP ( Interconnect ) |
| 192.168.63.12 | rac01-vip | Virtual IP |
| 192.168.63.13 | rac02-vip | Virtual IP |
| 192.168.63.14 | rac-scan.deveci.local | SCAN IP |
| 192.168.63.15 | rac-scan.deveci.local | SCAN IP |
| 192.168.63.16 | rac-scan.deveci.local | SCAN IP |
If you don’t know Oracle linux installation, you can read following article.
The following operations are performed on the Linux server to install Oracle RAC.
If you will install Oracle RAC 12c 12.2 then install following preinstall package.
[root@rac01 ~]# yum install oracle-database-server-12cR2-preinstall.x86_64
If you will install Oracle RAC 12c 12.1 then install following preinstall package.
[root@rac01 ~]# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall.x86_64
If you will install Oracle RAC 11g 11.2.0.4 then install following preinstall package.
[root@rac01 ~]# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall
Or you can install following yum packages instead of preinstall package.
[root@rac01 ~]# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall
yum install binutils-2*x86_64* yum install glibc-2*x86_64* nss-softokn-freebl-3*x86_64* yum install glibc-2*i686* nss-softokn-freebl-3*i686* yum install compat-libstdc++-33*x86_64* yum install glibc-common-2*x86_64* yum install glibc-devel-2*x86_64* yum install glibc-devel-2*i686* yum install glibc-headers-2*x86_64* yum install elfutils-libelf-0*x86_64* yum install elfutils-libelf-devel-0*x86_64* yum install gcc-4*x86_64* yum install gcc-c++-4*x86_64* yum install ksh-*x86_64* yum install numactl-devel-2*x86_64* yum install sysstat-9*x86_64* yum install compat-libstdc++-33*i686* yum install compat-libcap* yum install libaio-0*x86_64* yum install libaio-devel-0*x86_64* yum install libaio-0*i686* yum install libaio-devel-0*i686* yum install libgcc-4*x86_64* yum install libgcc-4*i686* yum install libstdc++-4*x86_64* yum install libstdc++-4*i686* yum install libstdc++-devel-4*x86_64* yum install make-3.81*x86_64*
2-Kernel parameters are set as follows.
/etc/sysctl.conf # Oracle Database Kernel Parameters fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.shmall = 1073741824 kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
3- The NTP service is configured and restarted as follows. Thus, date and time of 2 nodes is set by NTP and they are synchronized by NTP Server.
[root@rac01 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/ntpd OPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p /var/run/ntpd.pid" [root@rac01 ~]# service ntpd restart [root@rac01 ~]# chkconfig ntpd on
4- Firewall must be disabled and turned off .
[root@rac01 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
[root@rac01 ~]# service iptables stop
[root@rac01 ~]# chkconfig iptables off
5- Set the Oracle user’s limits as follows.
[root@rac01 ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf # Oracle Database Limit Parameters oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 32768
6- Create Oracle user , change password and their groups as follows.
# groupadd -g 501 oinstall # groupadd -g 502 dba # groupadd -g 503 oper # groupadd -g 504 asmadmin # groupadd -g 506 asmdba # groupadd -g 505 asmoper # useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle # passwd oracle
7- Shared disks are prepared for RAC and formatted with oracleasm tool like following steps.
[root@rac01 ~]# yum install oracleasm [root@rac01 ~]# yum install oracleasm-lib [root@rac01 ~]# yum install oracleasm-support [root@rac01 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
[root@rac01 ~]# ls /dev/sd* /dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb [root@rac01 ~]# [root@rac01 ~]# [root@rac01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x786292ec. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-1305, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1305, default 1305): Using default value 1305 Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@rac01 ~]# [root@rac01 ~]# [root@rac01 ~]# ls /dev/sd* /dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdb1 [root@rac01 ~]# [root@rac01 ~]# oracleasm createdisk ASMDISK /dev/sdb1 Writing disk header: done Instantiating disk: done [root@rac01 ~]# [root@rac01 ~]# oracleasm listdisks ASMDISK [root@rac01 ~]# oracleasm scandisks Reloading disk partitions: done Cleaning any stale ASM disks... Scanning system for ASM disks... [root@rac01 ~]# [root@rac02 ~]# ls /dev/sd* /dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb [root@rac02 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 Partition 1 is already defined. Delete it before re-adding it. Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@rac02 ~]# [root@rac02 ~]# [root@rac02 ~]# ls /dev/sd* /dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdb1 [root@rac02 ~]# [root@rac02 ~]# [root@rac02 ~]# oracleasm createdisk ASMDISK /dev/sdb1 Device "/dev/sdb1" is already labeled for ASM disk "ASMDISK" [root@rac02 ~]# oracleasm scandisks Reloading disk partitions: done Cleaning any stale ASM disks... Scanning system for ASM disks... Instantiating disk "ASMDISK" [root@rac02 ~]# oracleasm listdisks ASMDISK [root@rac02 ~]#
Preliminary preparations and requirements are required for Linux servers in this post.
I will explain Preliminary preparations and requirements for Unix (IBM AIX ) in the next post.
Do you want to learn Oracle Database for Beginners, then read the following articles.
https://ittutorial.org/oracle-database-19c-tutorials-for-beginners/